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<h2 id="_1">配置网络<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>公司使用的X86小工控机,大多有多个网卡,一般一个无线网卡,两个有线网卡.多数情况下,我们可能是使用的WIFI网络，这样比较方便，有时为了HA提供的服务折稳定性，我们尽量使用LAN线网络，避免无线网信号质量的问题。所以就涉及到配网的问题。</p>
|
<p>HomeAssistant的网络配置,在系统没有安装成功之前,不能通过web进入网页界面时,配置网络只能通过自带网络配置命令来进行.</p>
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<h4 id="_2">熟悉网络配置命令<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
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<p>HomeAssistant Cli 提供了默信折network配置命令如下:</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>ha netWork
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Useage:
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ha network [command]
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Examples:
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ha network info
|
ha network interface options
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Available Commands:
|
info Shows information about the host network
|
reload Reload Network information the host
|
scan Scan for Access Points on a wireless interface.
|
update Update settings of a network interface
|
vlan Create a new VLAN on an ethernet interface
|
Flags:
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-h, --help help for network
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Global Flags:
|
--api-token string Home Assistant Supervisor API token
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--config string Optional config file (default is $HOME/.homeassistant.yaml)
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--endpoint string Endpoint for Home Assistant Supervisor (default is'supervisor')
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--log-level string Log level (defaults to Warn)
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--no-progress Disable the progress spinner
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--raw-json Output raw JSON from the API
|
Use "ha network [command] --help" for more information about a command.
|
</code></pre></div>
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<p>这个ha network命令,大约如下几个功能</p>
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<ul>
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<li>info 显示网络配置信息</li>
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<li>reload 重新加载网络</li>
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<li>scan 扫描网络</li>
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<li>update 配置网络</li>
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</ul>
|
<p>我们在使用这个命令时,可以使用其简写,比如省去前面的ha,还可以省去后面的work
|
比如,我们想查看网络配置信息,可以用如下命令来进行</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>net info
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>这条命令就会把所有的网络配置信息全部显示出来,只是如果网卡较多,我们没有法在一屏全部阅读完,所以这就引发另一个问题.netwrok所有的子命令,后面都是可以或必须跟着操作对像来进行的,具体的就是,操作或显示哪个网卡接口.一般情况下是如下型式</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>net [command] [interface]
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即
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net [子命令] [网卡名称]
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>那么如何查看网卡名称呢,在haos 的cli控制台界面,任意时间,同时按下 <strong><em>ctrl+c</em></strong> 后,ha的界面返回到待机界面,如下图所示.</p>
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<p><img alt="网卡接口待机图" src="https://dhcdn.leon056.com/bpfStudy/docs/20250416112808034.png" /></p>
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<p>图中共显示了三个网卡接口:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>wlp3s0 这个是无线网卡接口的名称,一般情况下w字符打头的我为无线网卡</li>
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<li>enp2s0 这个对应小主机上就是LNA1,有线网卡1的名称</li>
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<li>enp4s0 这个对应小主机上就是LNA2,有线网卡1的名称</li>
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</ul>
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<p>查看到了这三个网卡名称,我们就可以对网卡进行查看信息配置等.</p>
|
<p>对有初装的HAOS还有准备进行Udate的小主机,最好,就是在路由器端<em>默认提供科学上网</em> ,否则在新安装折初始化那里就会被永远卡住,无法安装成功,如果是自动更新,那么将会更新失败.</p>
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<h4 id="_3">配置网络<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
|
<p>一般情况下,对于enp2s0,enp4s0,如果路由器端提供了自动获取IP地址功能，则无需配置，网线插入即可使用。</p>
|
<p>但是对于比较复杂的网络则需要配置，同样，如果想使用wifi网络,也需要配置 .</p>
|
<p>配置网络的命令如下:</p>
|
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>ha > net update
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Usage:
|
ha network update [interface] [flags]
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Aliases:
|
update, set, up
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Examples:
|
ha network update eth0 --ipv4-method auto --ipv6-method disabled
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Flags:
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-e, --disabled Disable interface
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-h, --help help for update
|
--ipv4-address stringArray IPv4 address for the interface in the 192.168.1.5/24
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--ipv4-gateway string The IPv4 gateway the interface should use
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--ipv4-method string Method on IPv4: static|auto|disabled
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--ipv4-nameserver stringArray IPv4 address of upstream DNS servers. Use multiple times for multiple servers.
|
--ipv6-address stringArray IPv6 address for the interface in the 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334/64
|
--ipv6-gateway string The IPv6 gateway the interface should use
|
--ipv6-method string Method on IPv6: static|auto|disabled
|
--ipv6-nameserver stringArray IPv6 address for upstream DNS servers. Use multiple times for multiple servers.
|
--wifi-auth string Used authentication: open, wep, wpa-psk
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--wifi-mode string Wifi mode: infrastructure, adhoc, mesh or ap
|
--wifi-psk string Shared authentication key for wep or wpa
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--wifi-ssid string SSID for wifi connection
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Global Flags:
|
--api-token string Home Assistant Supervisor API token
|
--config string Optional config file (default is $HOME/.homeassistant.yaml)
|
--endpoint string Endpoint for Home Assistant Supervisor (default is `supervisor`)
|
--log-level string Log level (defaults to Warn)
|
--no-progress Disable the progress spinner
|
--raw-json Output raw JSON from the API
|
</code></pre></div>
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<p>这条命令ha network update [interface] [flags],提供了很多功能,它可以配置wif网络,可以对指定的网卡配置ip4/6的IP地址，网关，是否启用等.因此可以在实际工作中灵活使用.
|
具体用法简译如下</p>
|
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>ha > net update
|
Usage:
|
ha network update [interface] [flags]
|
Aliases:
|
update, set, up
|
Examples:
|
ha network update eth0 --ipv4-method auto --ipv6-method disabled
|
Flags:
|
-e, --disabled 禁用接口
|
-h, --help 显示更新的帮助信息
|
--ipv4-address stringArray 接口的 IPv4 地址，例如 192.168.1.5/24
|
--ipv4-gateway string 接口使用的 IPv4 网关
|
--ipv4-method string IPv4 方法: static|auto|disabled
|
--ipv4-nameserver stringArray 上游 DNS 服务器的 IPv4 地址，可多次使用以指定多个服务器
|
--ipv6-address stringArray 接口的 IPv6 地址，例如 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334/64
|
--ipv6-gateway string 接口使用的 IPv6 网关
|
--ipv6-method string IPv6 方法: static|auto|disabled
|
--ipv6-nameserver stringArray 上游 DNS 服务器的 IPv6 地址，可多次使用以指定多个服务器
|
--wifi-auth string 使用的认证方式: open, wep, wpa-psk
|
--wifi-mode string WiFi 模式: infrastructure, adhoc, mesh 或 ap
|
--wifi-psk string WEP 或 WPA 的共享认证密钥
|
--wifi-ssid string WiFi 连接的 SSID
|
|
Global Flags:
|
--api-token string Home Assistant Supervisor API 令牌
|
--config string 可选的配置文件路径（默认值为 $HOME/.homeassistant.yaml）
|
--endpoint string Home Assistant Supervisor 的端点（默认值为 `supervisor`）
|
--log-level string 日志级别（默认值为 Warn）
|
--no-progress 禁用进度条
|
--raw-json 以原始 JSON 格式输出 API 数据
|
|
FATA[0000] Error while executing rootCmd: accepts 1 arg(s), received 0
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
<p>下面,我们就以配置wifi联接到网络为例说明一下:</p>
|
<p>比如我们默认的WIFI热点如下:</p>
|
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>wifi info:
|
ssid:DT_IoT_GateWay
|
passWord:HnczjTyrb0
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
<p>那根据我们上文查看到的无线网卡的名称:<strong>wlp3s0</strong> </p>
|
<p>我们使用如下配置命令,来让haos小工控机联上wifi网络:</p>
|
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code>ha network update wlp3s0 --wifi-auth wpa-psk --wifi-psk "HmczjTYrb0" --wifi-mode infrastructure --wifi-ssid "DT_IoT_GateWay" --ipv4-method auto --ipv6-method disabled
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
<p>这条命令解释如下:</p>
|
<ul>
|
<li>指定wifi的密码方式为:wpa-psk (--wifi-auth wpa-psk).</li>
|
<li>指定wif的密码为:HnczjTyrb0 (--wifi-psk "HmczjYrb0").</li>
|
<li>指定网卡接口模式为:infrastructure 即常规模式 (--wifi-mode infrastructure).</li>
|
<li>指定要联接的网络SSID:DT_IoT_GateWay (--wifi-ssid "DT_IoT_GateWay").</li>
|
<li>指定IP地址获取方式（静态、自动、禁用）：自动 ( --ipv4-method auto).</li>
|
<li>指定是否禁用IpV6:禁用 (--ipv6-method disabled)</li>
|
</ul>
|
<p>如下图所示,我们成功的使用这条指令,配置好了wifi网络:</p>
|
<p><img alt="" src="https://dhcdn.leon056.com/bpfStudy/docs/20250416115724085.png" /></p>
|
<p>如下所示,配网成功后,路由器已自动为其分配好了ip地址:</p>
|
<p><img alt="" src="https://dhcdn.leon056.com/bpfStudy/docs/20250416115834649.png" /></p>
|
<p>此时,我们在浏览器中输入网址<a href="http://192.168.3.2:8123">http://192.168.3.2:8123</a> 即可进入haos的web页面.</p>
|
<p>下图是无线网卡与有线网卡同时启用的情况,可以看到,两个网卡都被正确的分配到了IP地址：</p>
|
<p><img alt="" src="https://dhcdn.leon056.com/bpfStudy/docs/20250416120009156.png" /></p>
|
<h4 id="_4">在系统安装好初始化完成后配置网络<a class="headerlink" href="#_4" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
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<p>系统初始化完成后,仍然可以调整配置网络,</p>
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<p>设置-系统-网络 中配置网络接口可以进行网络配置</p>
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<p><img alt="" src="https://dhcdn.leon056.com/bpfStudy/docs/20250417101928366.png" /></p>
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<p>在这里你可以看到我们的三块网卡,wlp3s0,enp2s0,enp4s0,可在此处配置,每个网卡的IP，子网，网关，DNS等，也可以配置wi-fi热点.</p>
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